Protein Analysis Archives - THE SCIENCE NOTES

The diagram shows three sequential test tubes illustrating the qualitative analysis of proteins containing aromatic amino acids. Step 1 shows a test tube labeled "NITRATION" where concentrated nitric acid ($HNO_3$) is added to a protein sample, beginning to form a light yellow color representing nitrated aromatic amino acids. Step 2 shows the test tube being gently heated over a small burner flame, producing a distinct yellow substance labeled "Xanthoproteic Acid" to ensure reaction completion. Step 3 shows sodium hydroxide ($NaOH$) alkali being added via a dropper, resulting in a dark yellow-orange positive result due to the intensification into an orange salt.

June 3, 2026 Biochemistry Protocols and Techniques

Xanthoproteic Test: Qualitative Protein Analysis Using Nitric Acid

Learn how the xanthoproteic test uses nitric acid to detect aromatic amino acids in proteins, including principle, procedure, results, uses, and limitations. Read more

Diagram showing step-by-step procedures for Indirect, Sandwich, and Competitive ELISA assays including coating, blocking, antibody addition, and substrate color development.

March 20, 2026 Biochemistry

ELISA Protocols: Step-by-Step Guide to Indirect, Sandwich, and Competitive ELISA

Learn how to perform ELISA assays with our detailed, step-by-step guide. Understand Indirect, Sandwich, and Competitive ELISA protocols, sample preparation, enzyme reactions, and data analysis for precise biomolecule detection. Read more

UV-Vis Spectroscopy Illustration Principles, Instrumentation & Applications

January 14, 2026 Protocols and Techniques

UV–Visible (UV-Vis) Spectroscopy: Principles, Instrumentation, and Applications

A guide to UV-Vis spectroscopy explaining principles, instrumentation, absorbance, concentration analysis, reaction kinetics, and applications. Read more

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