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THE SCIENCE NOTES
  • Cell and Molecular Biology
  • Protocols and Techniques
  • Food Science
  • Microbiology
  • Biotechnology
  • Biochemistry
  • Bacteriology
  • Anatomy and Physiology
  • Immunology
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Infographic illustrating solution preparation, dilution methods, volumetric labware, reading the meniscus, and practical lab applications.
Posted on March 18, 2026 Protocols and Techniques

Solution Preparation, Concentration, and Volume Measurement in Laboratory

Learn accurate solution preparation, concentration calculation, volume measurement, and dilution techniques for lab experiments. Read more

Illustration of microplate reader analyzing samples in a 96-well plate
Posted on March 18, 2026 Protocols and Techniques

Microplate Reader: Principles, Procedure, Data Analysis, and Applications

Learn how a microplate reader works, including absorbance, fluorescence, luminescence assay, standard curve, control, and step-by-step guide. Read more

Illustration showing centrifuge separating pellet and supernatant layers
Posted on March 18, 2026March 18, 2026 Protocols and Techniques

Centrifugation: Principles, Types, Procedure, and Applications

A complete guide to centrifugation principles, RPM vs RCF, detailed procedures, types of centrifuges, safety, and laboratory applications. Read more

Posted on March 17, 2026March 24, 2026 Cell and Molecular Biology

Ion Channels in Cellular Signaling

Ion channels are integral membrane proteins that regulate the movement of ions... Read more

Infographic explaining protein folding showing primary, secondary, tertiary, and quaternary structures along with molecular chaperones and protein misfolding diseases.
Posted on March 14, 2026 Biochemistry Biology

Protein Folding & Structure: Why 3D Conformation Determines Life

Explore how amino acids fold into proteins. Learn about alpha-helices, hydrophobic effect, molecular chaperones, and why misfolding leads to Alzheimer’s. Read more

diagram showing the four levels of protein structure including primary amino acid sequence, secondary alpha helix and beta sheet, tertiary folded protein, and quaternary protein complex.
Posted on March 14, 2026 Biochemistry Biology

Protein Structure: The 4 Levels of Protein Organization Explained

Explore the four levels of protein structure, from primary amino acid sequences to complex 3D folding and multi-subunit quaternary complexes. Read more

Hand drawn diagram showing amino acid structure with amino group, carboxyl group, R group and categorized list of amino acids including nonpolar, polar, acidic and basic types.
Posted on March 14, 2026 Biochemistry Biology

Amino Acids and Proteins: Structure, Peptide Bond Formation, and Biological Functions

Proteins are polymers of amino acids linked by peptide bonds. Learn about protein structure, amino acids, peptide bond, and functions. Read more

Infographic showing the mechanism of action of Teclistamab where the bispecific antibody binds BCMA on myeloma cells and CD3 on T cells to activate cytotoxic T-cell signaling and tumor cell killing.
Posted on March 12, 2026March 24, 2026 Cancer Immunology

Teclistamab in Multiple Myeloma: Mechanism, Structure and Clinical Trial Results

Teclistamab is a BCMA × CD3 bispecific antibody that redirects T cells to kill multiple myeloma cells in relapsed patients. Read more

Infographic showing BCMA-targeted therapies for multiple myeloma including bispecific antibody teclistamab, CAR-T cell therapy, and antibody-drug conjugate belantamab mafodotin.
Posted on March 12, 2026March 24, 2026 Cancer Immunology

BCMA-Targeted Therapies in Multiple Myeloma: Teclistamab vs CAR-T vs Antibody-Drug Conjugates

Compare BCMA therapies in multiple myeloma including Teclistamab, CAR-T therapy, and antibody-drug conjugates with mechanisms and clinical outcomes. Read more

BCMA signaling pathway cartoon diagram showing NF-κB, PI3K-AKT, and MAPK pathways activated by BCMA in multiple myeloma cells
Posted on March 12, 2026March 24, 2026 Cancer Immunology

BCMA Signaling Pathway in Multiple Myeloma: Structure, Function and Therapeutic Targeting

BCMA signaling drives plasma cell survival in multiple myeloma through BAFF/APRIL activation of NF-κB, PI3K-AKT, and MAPK pathways. Read more

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